Use of participative methodology in oral health education for adolescents / Utilização de metodologia participativa na educação em saúde bucal para adolescentes

Objective: This paper describes a model of participative methodology used in the oral health education for teenagers. Methods: 16 teenagers aged between 10 and 14 years old participated. Focus groups were used to evaluate the topics of interest. The methodology evaluation was performed by the analysis of the material developed by the teenagers and an objective questionnaire, applied after the project completion. Results: By means of the focus group it was identified the following issues: problems due to bad breath in their relationships and the relationshipbetween lack of access to employment and precarious oral health. Ten meetings were held to discuss these issues and evaluate their relationshipwith oral health basics. The participation of adolescents was encouraged via movies and music available on the Internet. At the end of the meetings the group produced some educational materials and a comic book, which was analyzed and considered as a category 3: very rich design in content, objective concepts and clear goals. The questionnaire revealed that the right answers concentrated on the subjects which they have developed educational materials, such as self-care. 88% of the teenagers evaluated the project as very important, and an influencing factor in their improvement of oral health care. Conclusion: The use of a participative methodology for oral health education can, in fact, positively impact on changing teenagers behaviors. Third sector institutions that perform a well-planned and committed work can contribute to the promotion of oral health in Brazil.

Objetivo: Descrever um modelo de metodologia participativa utilizado na educação em saúde bucal de adolescentes. Métodos: Participaram 16 adolescentes com idades entre 10 e 14 anos. Para o conhecimento de temas de interesse foi utilizado o grupo focal. A avaliação da metodologia empregada foi realizada através da análise do material desenvolvido pelos adolescentes e de um questionário objetivo, aplicado após o término do projeto. Resultados: Através do grupo focal foi possível identificar os seguintes temas: problemas trazidos pelo mau-hálito em uma relação afetiva e a relação entre dificuldade de acesso ao emprego e recariedade da saúde bucal. Foram realizados 10 encontros para a discussão e relacionamento desses temas com conceitos básicos de saúde bucal. A participação dos adolescentes foi incentivada através de filmes disponíveis na Internet e músicas. Ao final dos encontros o grupo produziu alguns materiais educativos e um gibi, que foi analisado e considerado como categoria 3: desenho muito rico em conteúdo; conceitos objetivos e claros. O questionário demonstrou que as respostas certas se concentraram nos temas para os quais eles desenvolveram material didático,como o auto-cuidado. O projeto foi avaliado por 88% dos adolescentes como muito importante e como um fator que os influenciou na melhora do cuidado com a saúde bucal. Conclusão: A utilização de uma metodologia participativa de educação em saúde bucal pode, de fato, impactar positivamente na mudança de atitude dos adolescentes. Instituições do terceiro setor que realizem um trabalho comprometido e bem planejado podem contribuir para a promoção de saúde bucal no Brasil.

Fulminant gastrointestinal hemorrhage due to Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection in an AIDS patient

Strongyloides stercoralis is an endemic nematode to tropical and subtropical regions of the globe. The parasite is capable of autoinfection, which is limited by an intact immune response. In immunocompromised hosts, hyperinfection and dissemination can occur and have a high index of mortality. A hyperinfection syndrome with dissemination is frequently associated with corticosteroid administration and other conditions (malignancies and organ transplantation). Interestingly, although strongyloidiasis is common among AIDS patients in endemic areas, the hyperinfection syndrome is rarely noted. We report here on a rare manifestation of fulminant gastrointestinal hemorrhage due to hyperinfection of strongyloidiasis in a female drug-abusing, alcoholic HIV/AIDS patient.

Perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes atendidos em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial / Epidemiological profile of patients treated in a Center for Psychosocial Care

Estudo transversal com o objetivo de delinear o perfil dos pacientes atendidos no Centro de Atenção Psicossocial de Barbacena. Foram avaliados 583 prontuários de um total de 4.000 usuários atendidos no período de 2003 a 2008. A idade média dos participantes foi de 38,7±3,6 anos; a maioria dos pacientes era do sexo masculino (56,6%), casados ou em união estável (48,8%), com baixa escolaridade (60%), com passado de tratamento psiquiátrico (64,7%); 28,8% eram portadores de quadros psicóticos, 22% de transtornos afetivos e 20% de transtornos decorrentes do uso de substâncias. Mais da metade dos pacientes não estava em crise quando procurou o atendimento indicando a necessidade de maior investimento e capacitação nos níveis primário e secundário de atenção à saúde.

Cross-sectional study aimed to delineate the profile of patients treated at the Center for Psychosocial Care of Barbacena. There were assessed 583 medical records of a total of four thousand users attended from 2003 to 2008. The average age of participants was 38.7±3.6 years and the majority of patients were male (56.6%), married or in stable (48.8%), low education (60%) and with past psychiatric treatment (64.7%); 28.8% suffered from a psychotic condition, 22% of affective disorders and 20% of problems caused by substance use. More than half of the patients was not in crisis when he sought care indicates a need for increased investment and capacity at primary and secondary health care.

Glucose control in diabetes type 2 after oral minor surgery procedures

The aims of this study were to investigate if surgical removal of oral infections foci has effect on metabolic glucose level control 30 days postoperatively, to evaluate post extraction healing and to validate the use of a capillary glucose monitor for glucose level assessment in oral surgery type 2 diabetic outpatients. Material and methods: Twenty type 2 diabetic patients under wetn minor oral surgeries. Capillary and plasma glucose exams were taken from subjects in fasting and 2h post-prandial condition, before aand after oral surgery, in four different clinical recorded. A commercial sel-monitor was used for capillary tests. Data were submitted to statistical analysis (level of significance igual ou menor do que 0.05). Results: Differences in capillary and plasma glucose level between the first visit and 30 days afeter oral surgery were statistically significant (p = 0.014 and p = 0.005). differences between capillary and plasma glucose rate were between 4.48 and 6.5 per cent. wound healing was delayed in eight cases (40 per cent). Conclusion: Infections de3ntal foci removal diminished blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetic patients. The capillary monitor showed to be adequate to acess immediate glucose level in oral surgery ourpatients